Abstract: Brucellar spondylitis (BS) occurs when Brucella attacks the vertebral column and causes inflammation in the intervertebral disc or vertebral body. Early diagnosis can be conducted by imaging, laboratory and clinical manifestations. It is mainly needed to be distinguished from spinal tuberculosis when diagnosis. BS should be controlled by combined, full-dose and full-course medical therapy. If the outcomes of medication and conservative treatment are not satisfactory and the patient is in conformity with the operation indications, operations via anterior, posterior or combined approach should be chosen according to the patient’s condition. During the operation, the lesion should be completely removed and the internal fixation device should be used to increase the stability of the spine, which is benefit to improve symptoms and prevent recurrence of the disease. The surgical procedures should be strictly planed with the indications for surgery when the surgeon chooses minimally invasive surgery for BS. At present, although the diagnosis and treatment of BS has made great progress, it is still necessary to study in depth and formulate standardized standards of diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Brucellosis, Spondylitis, Tuberculosis, spinal, Diagnosis, differential, Drug therapy, Surgical procedures, operative, Review